Disabled people.

Disabled people

A disability may be physical, cognitive, mental, sensory, emotional, developmental or some combination of these. A disability may occur during a person's lifetime or may be present from birth. Many disabled people suffer from discrimination, abuse, teasing,... Just by being born so, or have obtained the disease at some time in their lives.

Types of disability

Physical Disability

A physical disability is any impairment that limits the motor function. Others include impairments that limit other daily life's facets.

Sensory disability

The sensory disability is an impairment of one of the senses. This term is used above all to refer to vision and hearing impairment, but it can be used for other sensory impairments.

* Visual impairment. The vision impairment is vision loss of a person of such a degree that cannot be cured by conventional methods. These are people who need help from other people or guide dogs. The government adapts areas (eg, traffic lights that sounds) and enables services (adoption of guide dogs) to improve the comfort of blind persons. Blind people can read and write braille.

* Hearing impairment. Hearing impairment, hard of hearing or deaftness, refers to conditions in which people are unable to detect or perceive some frequencies of sound that most people can hear. Mild hearing problems cannot be considered a disability.

*Olfactory and gustatory impairment. The impairment of the sense of smell and taste are commonly associated with elderly people, but it can also occur in young people due to a wide variety of causes. 

These are various olfactory disorders:

* Ageusia. Complete loss of the sense of taste.

* Anosmia. Things smell different than they should.

* Hyperosmia. Abnormally acute sense of smell.

* Hyposmia. Decreased ability to smell.

* Olfactory reference syndrome. Psychological disorder that causes the patient to imagine he/she has a strong body odor.

* Parosmia. Things smell worse than they should.

* Phantosmia. Hallucinated smell. Often unpleasant.

 Somatosensory impairment

The insensitivity to stimuli such as touch, heat, pain, cold, etc,... Are often subject to a mayor disability that involves different neutral pathwaysand which are frequently associated with paralysis.

Balance disorder

A balance disorder is a disturbance that causes in an individual to feel unsteady, for example when he/she is standing or walking. It may be accompanied by symptoms of being giddy, woozy, or have a sensation of movement, spinning, or floating. The balance is the result of several body systems working together. The eyes , ears and the body's sense of where it is in space need to be intact. The brain, which compiles this information, must to be functioning effectively.

Intellectual disability

Mental disability can range from mentally retardation to cognitive impairments so minors or specific as not to be classified as mentally retardation. This disability may occur at any age. Mentally retardation is a subtype of intellectual disability, which term is preferred by many people as aeuphemism for mentally retardation.

Developmental disability

Developmental disability is any disability that results in problems with growth and development. Although the term is often used as a synonym for intellectual disability, the term also ranges many congenital medical conditions that have no mental or intellectual components.

Saray García

Fuentes:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disability